Approaches for Fabricating Tri‐ and Tetraphenylethene‐Based Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Donor–Acceptor and Non‐Donor–Acceptor Molecular Architectures

Abstract

Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have exceeded expectations in terms of portability and affordability; still there is potential for advancement in terms of efficiency and color changeability. Research on flexible displays and OLED light emission is hampered by the low solid‐state efficiency and bandgap discrepancies of blue light emitters. However, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) presents an opportunity to create efficient blue emitters. By suppressing the π‐π stacking interactions, triphenylethene (TriPE) and tetraphenylethene (TPE) molecule‐based AIE luminogens exhibit outstanding solid‐state emission and increased device efficiency. Additionally, the presence of TriPE and TPE donor units in the architecture of non‐donor–acceptor (non‐D–A)‐ and donor–acceptor (D–A)‐based architectures has increased chemical and thermal stability with high efficiency. This article emphasizes multiple device architectures and different light emissions (blue, red, and green) set forth by potential electron donating/accepting molecules possessing intriguing efficiency in the device fabrication. It also presents the substitution effect on TriPE and TPE donor units and the applicability of non‐D–A and D–A systems in OLEDs.