Abstract
Nowadays, apart from travel time and cost, more and more attention is paid to ensuring that ecological footprint of the means of transport used for a journey is as small as possible. Therefore, it is reasonable to look for methods and solutions that will allow planning communication connections according to the principles of sustainable development. The aim of the article was to present mathematical model of the proecological distribution of traffic flow into a network, together with a determination of how the amount of emissions of harmful compounds for rail transport will be calculated (based on amount of energy necessary for movement, calculated on circumference of the wheels). The model has been verified on real data. The traffic flow was distributed over a selected communication route: Warszawa—Gdansk, where the criterion was minimization of total carbon dioxide emissions. An evolutionary method implemented in Microsoft Excel was used to solve the optimization problem. For the analysis of only the fastest connections, the railway one was the optimal from the point of view of the adopted criteria. After the train capacity was exceeded, air and car connections were loaded. Based on the research, a function that represents the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the analyzed traffic route depending on the size of the traffic flow was developed.
Highlights
Apart from the travel time and cost, more and more attention is paid to ensuring that the ecological footprint of the means of transport used for the journey is as small as possible
It is reasonable to look for methods and solutions that will allow planning communication connections according to the principle of sustainable development
Works present the theories relating to the traffic flow, with descriptions of various types of formalism used in the formulation of the problem, the optimization methods used, or using optimization and simulation tools
Summary
Apart from the travel time and cost, more and more attention is paid to ensuring that the ecological footprint of the means of transport used for the journey is as small as possible. In the problem of searching for the optimal distribution of the traffic flow on the network from the point of view of proecological aspects, the values of the decision variables xefij with the interpretation of the traffic flow volume loading the arc (i,j) ∈ L, written in the form of the XEF matrix, are sought which can be expressed using the formula (1): XEF = xe fij W×W. When conducting research on the distribution of the traffic flow from the point of view of the emission of harmful compounds, if the electric railways were to be treated as emission-free, we would obtain the maximum load on this mode of transport, as it is characterized by the lowest emissions. Case Study—An Example of Proecological Distribution of the Traffic Flow for a Selected Communication Route
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