Abstract
New methods of degradations on the pavement’s surface, such as top-down cracking and delamination, caused by the repeated passage of heavy vehicles led to questions about the impact of the contact between the tire and the pavement. In fact, to increase the service life of the structures, future road design methods must have a precise knowledge of the consequences of the contact parameters on the state of stress and deformation in the pavement. In this paper, tractive rolling contact under the effect of friction is modeled by Kalker’s theory using a semi-analytical method (SAM). A tire profile is performed thanks to a digitization by fringes or a photogrammetry technique. The effect of rolling on the main surface extension deformations is then highlighted to study top cracking. At the end of the SAM calculation, contact areas are closed to 200 μdef, exceeding the allowable micro-deformation limit for the initiation of cracking. In addition, results on the main strain directions also give information on the direction of cracking (initiation of longitudinal or transverse cracks). The cracking then becomes evident, leading to a reduced service life.
Highlights
The road sector has grown considerably since the middle of the last century
The semi-analytical method (SAM) code is already validated in normal elastoplastic contact between a sphere and plane by Jacq [26], both by comparison to Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and to experiments (i.e., ceramic spheres rolling over a steel flat)
It is assumed that the main strain by extension, according to the criterion of damage by Mazars [32], cracking at the bottom of the layers is at the origin of the rising or falling cracks near the surface (Figure 7)
Summary
The road sector has grown considerably since the middle of the last century. The increase in traffic and the level of loading, combined with the aggressiveness of the tires and the large amplitudes of climatic variation, have led to an increase in the deterioration of the roads and, to an increase in pavement maintenance. Centripetal radial stresses were cited as inducing the surface tension of the pavement at the edge of a circularly distributed load by Kunst [4] The latter proposed a model based on distortion energy to best explain the development of surface-initiated cracking. The recent adaptation of this approach to tire-pavement contact is, on the one hand, different from other existing semi-analytical model and, on the Materials 2021, 14, 2117 other hand, a challenge considering the reality of the tire geometry and the complexity of the pavement structure combining the speed of calculation They concluded that a more precise knowledge of the tire-pavement contact represents an important way to finely describe the surface degradations. Contact pressure, shear at the pavement surface and TDC is studied
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