APPROACH AND TREATMENT OF NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCER DURING PREGNANCY

Abstract

Pregnancy presents unique challenges in diagnosing and treating non-melanoma skin cancer, the most common type of skin cancer. Hormonal and immunological changes during pregnancy can influence the development and progression of the disease, while ethical issues and concerns about fetal safety complicate the therapeutic approach. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how this condition is managed during pregnancy to ensure the best outcome for mother and baby. Objective: The objective of this systematic literature review is to analyze the approaches and treatments used for non-melanoma skin cancer during pregnancy, with a focus on maternal and fetal safety. Methodology: The review followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. Articles published in the last 10 years were searched in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. The descriptors used were "non-melanoma skin cancer", "pregnancy", "treatment", "approach" and "fetal safety". The inclusion criteria were studies that described cases of non-melanoma skin cancer during pregnancy, addressing treatment options and fetal safety considerations. The exclusion criteria were studies irrelevant to the topic, studies without access to the full text and studies not available in English, Portuguese or Spanish. Results: Analysis of the articles revealed several therapeutic approaches for non-melanoma skin cancer during pregnancy, including surgery, photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy. There was an emphasis on the individualized assessment of each case, taking into account the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor and the potential risks for the mother and fetus. Prevention was also highlighted, with an emphasis on sun protection and skin self-examination. However, some treatments have been delayed until after birth due to concerns about fetal safety. Conclusion: The management of non-melanoma skin cancer during pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary and individualized approach, considering the risks and benefits for the mother and fetus. Prevention, early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential to guarantee the best result for both. More research is needed to further guide clinical practices in this area.