Abstract
Abstract A trade-off analysis is required for national forest planning. Trade-offs between outputs can be computed with the same linear programming model of the forest used to prepare land-management alternatives. By systematically varying the objective for one of the outputs of an alternative, the resulting trade-off with the output measured by the objective function of the linear program is determined. Trade-offs cannot be reliably computed from the differences between land-management alternatives. Trade-offs may be overstated when inputs such as land are manipulated instead of outputs. A similar overstatement of trade-offs may occur when a sufficiently wide range of management regimes is not provided to the model. Since a trade-off analysis is only as good as the fundamental production relationships on which it is based, misleading trade-offs can result for alternatives producing a mix of outputs outside the range of historical experience and supporting data.
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