Abstract
The continuously increasing complexity of modern and sustainable power and energy systems leads to a wide range of solutions developed by industry and academia. To manage such complex system-of-systems, proper engineering and validation approaches, methods, concepts, and corresponding tools are necessary. The Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM), an approach that has been developed during the last couple of years, provides a very good and structured basis for the design, development, and validation of new solutions and technologies. This review therefore provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art and related work for the theory, distribution, and use of the aforementioned architectural concept. The article itself provides an overview of the overall method and introduces the theoretical fundamentals behind this approach. Its usage is demonstrated in several European and national research and development projects. Finally, an outlook about future trends, potential adaptations, and extensions is provided as well.
Highlights
The continuously increasing complexity of modern and sustainable power and energy systems leads to a wide range of solutions for operating transmission and distribution grids
This review shows that the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) currently has already a wide spread use and has outgrown its original purpose for documenting gaps in standardization
Even though work and projects are progressing, constantly new uses and application areas can be found for the systems engineering part of using the SGAM and derivatives
Summary
The continuously increasing complexity of modern and sustainable power and energy systems leads to a wide range of solutions for operating transmission and distribution grids. Those approaches developed by industry and academia in the context of Smart Grids become increasingly specific to the individual topology of the power grids in which they are to be deployed. While it can be argued that energy transition to Smart Grids may be a sociological problem [2], we take the technological perspective from systems engineering view here. One problem arising is that Smart Grids must be still considered an emerging topic and transferring solutions from one utility to another with parts and technologies being replaced is usually not an easy task. Techniques usually come in so-called technology experience packages and someone learns about one specific instance in a package [3]
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