Abstract
The application of methods of modern theory of Brownian motion to the calculation of fluctua� tions of soil moisture reserve is considered. Analytical dependences of the correlation time of soil moisture reserve fluctuations and its mean on the characteristics of external stochastic and deterministic impacts are obtained for a nonlinear hydrological model of moisture reserve formation based on Langevin equation and generalized Langevin relationships. Variations of the lowfrequency part of the spectrum of fast synoptic vari� ables (the difference between precipitation and evaporation) because of interaction with moisture reserve fluctuations is examined. A new effect—an increase in the spectrum in the intermediate domain of time intervals between characteristic times—is explained by the time of variations of synoptic fluctuations and the time of variations of fluctuations of soil moisture reserve. The problem of determining a nonsteady response of the mean soil moisture reserve to fluctuation of moistening regime is used to demonstrate the potentialities of a new apparatus of statistical physics—fluctuation theorems.
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