Abstract
This paper describes how process integration techniques, including pinch technology, may be applied to processes and sites where conditions change with time, in particular batch processes, using the time-dependent Cascade analysis. This divides the process into time intervals, and thus calculates energy targets and shows possibilities for heat exchange, heat storage and rescheduling. It also shows how hot and cold utility use vary over a period, giving mean and peak loads; this is an important aid to design of utility and CHP systems. The application of the techniques is described in case studies on a batch process and a building complex. In both cases the Cascade analysis identified new heat recovery projects which were more cost-effective than those obtained by older methods which do not consider variation with time.
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