Abstract
Advances in consumer display screen technologies have historically been adapted by researchers across the fields of optics as they can be used as electronically controlled spatial light modulators (SLMs) for a variety of uses. The performance characteristics of such SLM devices based on liquid crystal (LC) and digital micromirror device (DMD) technologies, in particular, has developed to the point where they are compatible with increasingly sensitive instrumental applications, for example, Raman spectroscopy. Spatial light modulators provide additional flexibility, from modulation of the laser excitation (including multiple laser foci patterns), manipulation of microscopic samples (optical trapping), or selection of sampling volume (adaptive optics or spatially offset Raman spectroscopy), to modulation in the spectral domain for high-resolution spectral filtering or multiplexed/compressive fast detection. Here, we introduce the benefits of different SLM devices as a part of Raman instrumentation and provide a variety of recent example applications which have benefited from their incorporation into a Raman system.
Highlights
Raman spectroscopy has continually benefited from a variety of scientific and technological advances
We have reviewed the use of spatial light modulators (SLMs) devices within the broad field of Raman spectroscopy, highlighting a multitude of novel instrumentation approaches and their various applications
Liquid crystal spatial light modulators are useful for providing a flexible way of controlling the spatial and temporal properties of the laser excitation in spontaneous and coherent Raman spectroscopies
Summary
Raman spectroscopy has continually benefited from a variety of scientific and technological advances. The most successful MEMS display technology is the digital micromirror device (DMD) developed by Texas Instruments These devices utilize arrays of microscopic mirrors (pixel units) whose reflection direction can be individually controlled electronically. Digital micromirror devices have emerged in recent decades from MEMS technology developed by Texas Instruments primarily for projector display purposes Image contrast in such an application is controlled by rapidly switching micromirror tilt angle with variable duty cycle corresponding to grayscale control for each color channel, with cycling through color channels building up a time-averaged color image.
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