Abstract
With advances in material research, there is a growing interest in the knowledge of smart materials and their application in improving energy efficiency and the indoor environmental quality of a building. Smart materials can sense and react to their environment, and thus, they behave like living systems. Smart materials and technology produce useful effects in response to an external condition. They can be combined to provide changing and dynamic solutions for problems encountered while designing for energy efficiency. This paper is an introduction to the characteristics of smart materials and their application in the construction industry. Due to their small scale, smart materials enable us to design dynamic thermal environments. Smart materials are applied for façade systems, lighting systems, and energy systems. By focusing on the phenomena rather than the material artifact, the use of smart materials has the potential to dramatically increase the sustainability of buildings. We can save energy by operating discretely and locally only when necessary.
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