Abstract

BackgroundOrobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba).Materials and methodsThree pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III.ResultsTrichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide.ConclusionThe application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

Highlights

  • Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae

  • Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection

  • All bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively

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Summary

Introduction

Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Broomrape is a parasitic weed widespread in many parts of the world (Brhane et al 2016) as well as in Egypt (Abdel-Kader and El-Mougy 2009; Ghannam et al 2012), where it is a major factor limiting faba bean production (Vicia faba). Broomrape attacks a wide range of plant species such as carrot, celery, eggplant, faba bean, potato, El-Dabaa and Abd-El-Khair Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2020) 44:4 cheap method to be effectively, economically and completely controlling this parasite (Habimana et al 2014; Punia 2014). Pseudomonas fluorescens showed a high bio-control activity against Orobanche crenata and Orobanche foetida and positively enhanced the plant growth parameters of faba bean (Zermane et al 2007). Bacillus megatherium var. phosphaticum (BMP) and the combination of BMP plus Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae significantly reduced the germination of O. crenata and increased the dry weight of faba bean (Elabaied et al 2018)

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