Applications of Nanosized-Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Wound Care

Andreea-Mariana Matei,Ioana Anca Badarau,Simona Roxana Georgescu,Clara Matei,Maria Magdalena Constantin,Diana Alina Ciubotaru,Ana Caruntu,Cristian Scheau,Traian Vasile Constantin,Daniela Calina,Mircea Tampa,Constantin Caruntu

doi:10.3390/app11114915

Abstract

Impaired wound healing is an encumbering public health issue that increases the demand for developing new therapies in order to minimize health costs and enhance treatment efficacy. Available conventional therapies are still unable to maximize their potential in penetrating the skin at the target site and accelerating the healing process. Nanotechnology exhibits an excellent opportunity to enrich currently available medical treatments, enhance standard care and manage wounds. It is a promising approach, able to address issues such as the permeability and bioavailability of drugs with reduced stability or low water solubility. This paper focuses on nanosized-lipid-based drug delivery systems, describing their numerous applications in managing skin wounds. We also highlight the relationship between the physicochemical characteristics of nanosized, lipid-based drug delivery systems and their impact on the wound-healing process. Different types of nanosized-lipid-based drug delivery systems, such as vesicular systems and lipid nanoparticles, demonstrated better applicability and enhanced skin penetration in wound healing therapy compared with conventional treatments. Moreover, an improved chemically and physically stable drug delivery system, with increased drug loading capacity and enhanced bioavailability, has been shown in drugs encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. Their applications in wound care show potential for overcoming impediments, such as the inadequate bioavailability of active agents with low solubility. Future research in nanosized-lipid-based drug delivery systems will allow the achievement of increased bioavailability and better control of drug release, providing the clinician with more effective therapies for wound care.

Highlights

The process of cutaneous wound healing is a sophisticated physiological event, and it is critical for restoring the integrity of the skin barrier
This review aims to describe the current applications of nanosized-lipid-based drug delivery systems in the management of skin wounds, highlighting the relationship between their physicochemical characteristics and the impact on the wound-healing process
nanostructured lipid carriers (NCLs) represent the second generation of lipid nanoparticles [41] and are produced by employing blends of solid and liquid lipids, the combination thereof being solid at body temperature

Summary

Introduction

The process of cutaneous wound healing is a sophisticated physiological event, and it is critical for restoring the integrity of the skin barrier. It involves activation of the immune system’s cellular components, the coagulation cascade, and the inflammatory pathways, leading to a massive remodeling of all skin compartments [1,2]. The extravasation of blood constituents activates platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation It leads to the formation of a fibrin clot. The third phase of wound healing consists of remodeling or maturation, which lasts for several months or more and begins at 2 or 3 weeks after the onset of the lesion [3,4]

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