Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Sinus Lift Augmentation as a Dental Implant Technology.

Feridoun Parnia,Javad Yazdani,Solmaz Maleki Dizaj

doi:10.1155/2018/3080139

Feridoun Parnia, Javad Yazdani + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3080139

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Abstract

The potential application of stem cell biology in human dentistry is a new and emerging field of research. The objective of the current review was to study the efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in sinus lift augmentation (SLA). A literature review was performed in PubMed Central using MeSH keywords such as sinus lift, MSCs, dental implants, and augmentation. The searches involved full-text papers written in English, published in the past 10 years (2007–2017). The review included in vitro and in vivo studies on the use of MSCs in SLA. Electronic searching provided 45 titles, and among them, 8 papers were chosen as suitable based on the inclusion requirements of this review. The reviewed studies have revealed the potential of MSCs in SLA. According to these papers, stem cell therapy combined with different biomaterials may considerably improve bone regeneration in previous steps of dental implantation and may veritably lead to efficient clinical usages in the recent future. However, the identification of an ideal source of stem cells as well as long-term studies is vital to assess the success rate of this technology. Further clinical trials are also needed to approve the potential of MSCs in SLA.

Highlights

Dental implants have been effectively applied for the replacement of dental elements since the earliest reports in the 1960s [1]
An appropriate success rate has been reported for dental implants; the success rates were revealed to be considerably low once the dental failures are measured according to persons who lost implants and not according to implants lost by the population [1,2,3,4]
Cell therapy combined with the use of bioactive materials may expressively improve bone regeneration prior to dental implant

Summary

Introduction

Dental implants have been effectively applied for the replacement of dental elements since the earliest reports in the 1960s [1]. An appropriate success rate has been reported for dental implants; the success rates were revealed to be considerably low once the dental failures are measured according to persons who lost implants and not according to implants lost by the population [1,2,3,4]. Most of the implant-related techniques are evident as well as predictable; in some of the cases, there are problems related to the implant site that lead to failures in implant success [5, 6]. Healthy gums and suitable bones are two necessary requirements to support the implants and to increase their success. Both the low quality and unsuitable quantity of bone lead to an inappropriate implant site. Very thin or soft bone cannot support the implant, and it will require a bone grafting process [7, 10]

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