Abstract
Learning analytics aims to analyze data from students and learning environments to support learning at different levels. Although learning analytics is a recent field, it reached a high level of maturity, especially in its applications for higher education. However, little of the research in learning analytics targets other educational levels, such as high school. This paper reports the results of a systematic literature review (SLR) focused on the adoption of learning analytics in high schools. More specifically, the SLR followed four steps: the search, selection of relevant studies, critical assessment, and the extraction of the relevant field, which included the main goals, approaches, techniques, and challenges of adopting learning analytics in high school. The results show that, in this context, learning analytics applications are focused on small-scale initiatives rather than institutional adoption. Based on the findings of this study, in combination with the literature, this paper proposes future directions of research and development in order to scale up learning analytics applications in high schools.
Highlights
Over the last several years, technology has become an essential tool to support students and instructors in creating more effective educational experiences
Managers and decision-makers can use learning analytics to identify students who are in the vulnerable situation of not being able to graduate on time (Aguiar et al, 2015; Jiménez-Gómez et al, 2015) and in developing curricula that meet students’ needs and expectations (Monroy et al, 2013). Based on this context and in the fact that several literature reviews present the potential in using learning analytics in different educational contexts, such as higher education, professional and workplace learning, vocational education, for massive open online courses, but not for the high school context, this paper presents a systematic literature review focusing on the applications of learning analytics 59 in high schools
5.2.1 RESEARCH QUESTION 1 (RQ1): What are the Approaches for the use of Learning Analytics in High Schools? The first research question raised in this systematic literature review (SLR) was related to the main educational goals of using learning analytics in the context of high school
Summary
Over the last several years, technology has become an essential tool to support students and instructors in creating more effective educational experiences. In this context, the propagation of online learning environments (e.g., learning management systems, student diaries, library systems, digital repositories, and academic systems) has increased significantly, expanding the data generated about the educational process (Gaftandzhieva et al, 2020). The propagation of online learning environments (e.g., learning management systems, student diaries, library systems, digital repositories, and academic systems) has increased significantly, expanding the data generated about the educational process (Gaftandzhieva et al, 2020) These digital footprints can assist teaching and learning practices to foster better student achievement (Varanasi et al, 2018) and support teachers’ practices (Jivet et al, 2018). The large amount of student data, such as demographic information, grades and student behaviors, expands the possibilities of retention strategies and academic success, moving away from leveling by the average, to meet the needs of each student in a personalized and data-oriented way (Tan et al, 2016; Aguerrebere et al, 2017)
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