Abstract
With the research and the development of graphene-based materials, new sensors based on graphene compound materials are of great significance to scientific research and the consumer market. However, in the past ten years, due to the requirements of sensor accuracy, reliability, and durability, the development of new graphene sensors still faces many challenges in the future. Due to the special structure of graphene, the obtained characteristics can meet the requirements of high-performance sensors. Therefore, graphene materials have been applied in many innovative sensor materials in recent years. This paper introduces the important role and specific examples of sensors based on graphene and its base materials in biomedicine, photoelectrochemistry, flexible pressure, and other fields in recent years, and it puts forward the difficulties encountered in the application of graphene materials in sensors. Finally, the development direction of graphene sensors has been prospected. For the past two years of the COVID-19 epidemic, the detection of the virus sensor has been investigated. These new graphene sensors can complete signal detection based on accuracy and reliability, which provides a reference for researchers to select and manufacture sensor materials.
Highlights
A sensor is a kind of detection device that can convert the received information into an electrical signal or other signal output
Referring to the application of graphene in biosensors in the recent ten years, we found that graphene materials can usually provide higher sensitivity and reduce reaction time for existing biological detection technologies due to their strong adsorption capacity and excellent conductivity [18,19]
We found that graphene is a two-dimensional nanostructured material that can be synthesized in a large area [48,53,54]
Summary
A sensor is a kind of detection device that can convert the received information into an electrical signal or other signal output. Due to the small size, large specific area, different bond states on the surface and inside the particles, and incomplete coordination of surface atoms, carbon nanotubes have become an ideal additive for conductive materials. Carbon nanotubes can be used as biomolecular sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity [7]. Graphene is a single atom thick honeycomb structure formed by a two-dimensional carbon atom monolayer, so it forms a large surface volume ratio, making it suitable for ultrasensitive detection applications [10,11,12,13,14,15]. This paper introduces the role of graphene-based sensors in biomedicine, flexible pressure, and photoelectrochemistry, and it lists several specific application examples. The difficulties in the development of graphene materials are put forward, and the future development trend of graphene sensors is prospected, which provides a certain basis and reference for the research of graphene sensors
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