Abstract
The paper studies the introduction and the most effective use of information technologies in grain economy, the largest and most important segment of the Russian agro-industrial complex. The state of this segment strongly determines the food security and the development of related agricultural areas. Information technology is presented as a fundamental factor in the increase of the competitiveness of national grain in global market, as it ensures cost optimization at all stages of the reproduction chain of the grain-product sub-complex of the agro-industrial complex: from the cultivation of grain crops to logistics operations and grain delivery to international partners. There are many grain production automation areas. Geoinformation technologies are the most effective and rapidly developing area. The article examines modules that can be combined into a single information system that can be used by grain producers or as independent software systems. Within each direction, attention is paid to each area. The article aims to find the most efficient and less costly ways to increase the volume of grain production. The study found out that the automation of even one area can increase the turnover in grain production. However, this method is not less expensive. It requires various resources: financial, technical, time, and labour ones.
Highlights
Large-scale innovative projects intended for the development of the agricultural sector faced high investment risks due to the long and labor-intensive production cycle
The Russian agricultural industry was not automated, projects designed to implement information technologies into biological processes were not funded. This caused the lag of Russia in the productivity and technical equipment
The grain production is a set of actions aimed at obtaining high-quality raw materials
Summary
Large-scale innovative projects intended for the development of the agricultural sector faced high investment risks due to the long and labor-intensive production cycle. The Russian agricultural industry was not automated, projects designed to implement information technologies into biological processes were not funded. This caused the lag of Russia in the productivity and technical equipment. The main way to ensure the competitiveness and efficiency of exports is to optimize costs, which can be achieved at all stages of the cycle: from landing to cargo transportation to final international buyers. In the context of a relatively high degree of intensification of the cultivation of grain crops in the main grain-producing regions of the country, it is difficult to achieve cost reduction by means of efficiency increase. The most relevant areas of automation and digitalization are grain harvesting, transportation and storage
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