Abstract
The ideal lossless symmetrical reciprocal network (ILSRN) is constructed and introduced to resolve the complex interconnections of two arbitrary microwave networks. By inserting the ILSRNs, the complex interconnections can be converted into the standard one-by-one case without changing the characteristics of the previous microwave networks. Based on the algorithm of the generalized cascade scattering matrix, a useful derivation on the excitation coefficients of antenna arrays is firstly proposed with consideration of the coupling effects. And then, the proposed techniques are applied on the microwave circuits and antenna arrays. Firstly, an improved magic-T is optimized, fabricated, and measured. Compared with the existing results, the prototype has a wider bandwidth, lower insertion loss, better return loss, isolation, and imbalances. Secondly, two typical linear waveguide slotted arrays are designed. Both the radiation patterns and scattering parameters at the input ports agree well with the desired goals. Finally, the feeding network of a two-element microstrip antenna array is optimized to decrease the mismatch at the input port, and a good impedance matching is successfully achieved.
Highlights
Microwave system consists of microwave elements and transmission lines, and the microwave network theory is one of the most important analytical approaches to design and synthesize the microwave equipment
The complex and sensitive parts can be analyzed with a rigorous field analysis approach, while the characteristics of the entire network are obtained by microwave network theory
As far as we know, the algorithm is usually employed on microwave circuits, and it has never been applied on the excitation coefficients of antenna arrays
Summary
Microwave system consists of microwave elements and transmission lines, and the microwave network theory is one of the most important analytical approaches to design and synthesize the microwave equipment. The algorithm of generalized cascade scattering matrix has been presented in many researches and educational books [2,3,4,5,6]. As far as we know, the algorithm is usually employed on microwave circuits, and it has never been applied on the excitation coefficients of antenna arrays. The algorithm of the generalized cascade scattering matrix is studied and expanded to deal with the International Journal of Antennas and Propagation complex interconnections and the excitation coefficients of antenna arrays. The excitation coefficients of each unit can be obtained through the interconnection of the feeding network and antenna array. To demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed techniques, applications both in the fields of microwave circuits and antenna arrays will be presented in the following.
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