Applications of Extended Kummer’s Summation Theorem

Abstract

In the theory of hypergeometric series and generalized hypergeometric series, classical summation theorems, such as the two of Gauss and those of Kummer and Bailey for the series F12; those of Watson, Dixon, Whipple, and Saalschutz for the series F23; and others, play a key role. Applications of these classical summation theorems are well known. Berndt pointed out that a large number of interesting summations (including Ramanujan’s summations and the Gregory–Leibniz pi summation) can be obtained very quickly by employing the above-mentioned classical summation theorems. Also, several interesting results involving products of generalized hypergeometric series have been obtained by Bailey by employing the above-mentioned classical summation theorems. Recently, the above-mentioned classical summation theorems have been generalized and extended. In our present investigations, our aim is to demonstrate the applications of the extended Kummer’s summation theorem in establishing (i) extensions of Gauss’s second summation theorem and Bailey’s summation theorem; (ii) extensions of several summations (including Ramanujan’s summations); (iii) extensions of several results involving products of generalized hypergeometric series; and (iv) an extension of classical Dixon’s summation theorem. As special cases, we recover several known summations (including several Ramanujan summations and the Gregory–Leibniz pi summation) and various results involving products of generalized hypergeometric series due to Bailey.