Abstract
CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing is a revolutionary approach that has provided an unprecedented investigational power for the life sciences. Rapid and efficient, CRISPR-Cas technologies facilitate the generation of complex biological models and at the same time provide the necessary methods required to study these models in depth. The field of proteomics has already significantly benefited from leveraging the power of CRISPR-Cas technologies, however, many potential applications of these technologies in the context of proteomics remain unexplored. In this review, we intend to provide an introduction to the CRISPR-Cas technologies and demonstrate how they can be applied to solving proteome-centric questions. To achieve this goal, we begin with the description of the modern suite of CRISPR-Cas-based tools, focusing on the more mature CRISPR-Cas9 system. In the second part of this review, we highlight both established and potential applications of the CRISPR-Cas technologies to proteomics.
Highlights
Before the advent of CRISPR-Cas technology, several classes of genome editing instruments such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activatorlike nucleases (TALENs) and meganucleases had been successfully used for this task [6]
The resulting DSB can be repaired via two major pathways: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-directed recombination (HDR) [30]
ProteomicsCRISPR-Cas to proteomics may be grouped in three major disThe current in applications tinct Genome groups (Figure studying protein-protein interactions, studying protein-chromatin editing2): technologies play an important part in the maturation of proteomics
Summary
Proteins and interactions between them constitute the largest portion of phenotype [1]. Before the advent of CRISPR-Cas technology, several classes of genome editing instruments such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activatorlike nucleases (TALENs) and meganucleases had been successfully used for this task [6]. Each of these classes had considerable limitations that hindered their widespread adoption [7]. Retargeting CRISPR-Cas to any new site is as easy as expressing a new guide RNA molecule This significantly simplifies the experimental setup, but as a consequence allows for fast iteration over experimental designs for accelerated development of new, more efficient CRISPR-Cas systems. We highlight current applications of the CRISPR-Cas technologies to proteomics and later discuss the upcoming developments in this subfield
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