Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), Ebola, influenza A, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in recent years have threatened the health and security of the global community as one of the greatest factors of mortality in the world. Accurate and immediate diagnosis of infectious agents and symptoms is a key to control the outbreak of these diseases. Rapid advances in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology offers great advantages like high accuracy, high throughput and rapid measurements in biomedical research and disease diagnosis. These features as well as low cost, low power and scalability of CMOS technology can pave the way for the development of powerful devices such as point-of-care (PoC) systems, lab-on-chip (LoC) platforms and symptom screening devices for accurate and timely diagnosis of infectious diseases. This paper is an overview of different CMOS-based devices such as optical, electrochemical, magnetic and mechanical sensors developed by researchers to mitigate the problems associated with these diseases.
Highlights
The accurate and timely diagnosis of infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), COVID-19, tuberculosis and influenza A is indispensable for controlling public health
The accurate and timely diagnosis of infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, MERS, SARS, COVID-19, tuberculosis and influenza A is indispensable for controlling public health
A nucleic acid amplification free optical biosensor is presented by Qui et al [9,10] combining localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect
Summary
The accurate and timely diagnosis of infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, MERS, SARS, COVID-19, tuberculosis and influenza A is indispensable for controlling public health. DNA detection is an important molecular method that has been widely used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and PCR is a popular technique in this field which is based on the extraction of a very small sample of DNA strands and selective amplification of them using specific primers. This technique requires thermal cycling and annealing steps for pre-enrichment and manipulation of DNA [33]. Biosensors like magnetic and mechanical biosensors implemented by using CMOS technology are discussed in the fourth section followed by a conclusion in the final section
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