Applications of 3D Bioprinting Technology in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Based Tissue Engineering.

Arvind Kumar Shukla,Ge Gao,Byoung Soo Kim

doi:10.3390/mi13020155

Arvind Kumar Shukla, Ge Gao + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13020155

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Abstract

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are essentially produced by the genetic reprogramming of adult cells. Moreover, iPSC technology prevents the genetic manipulation of embryos. Hence, with the ensured element of safety, they rarely cause ethical concerns when utilized in tissue engineering. Several cumulative outcomes have demonstrated the functional superiority and potency of iPSCs in advanced regenerative medicine. Recently, an emerging trend in 3D bioprinting technology has been a more comprehensive approach to iPSC-based tissue engineering. The principal aim of this review is to provide an understanding of the applications of 3D bioprinting in iPSC-based tissue engineering. This review discusses the generation of iPSCs based on their distinct purpose, divided into two categories: (1) undifferentiated iPSCs applied with 3D bioprinting; (2) differentiated iPSCs applied with 3D bioprinting. Their significant potential is analyzed. Lastly, various applications for engineering tissues and organs have been introduced and discussed in detail.

Highlights

Tissue engineering involves delivering specific cells or cell products to injured tissues or organs to restore tissue and organ function
As adult somatic cells are used in the generation of Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the ethical dilemmas associated with the use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are averted
Many studies have demonstrated that human iPSCs can differentiate into various lineages, including cardiomyocytes [4], 4.0/)

Summary

Introduction

Tissue engineering involves delivering specific cells or cell products to injured tissues or organs to restore tissue and organ function In this field, stem cells have the potential to significantly alter the perspective of tissue engineering given their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cellular types [1,2]. The combination of stem cell and tissue engineering techniques overcomes the current limitations of stem cells in human disease therapy. As adult somatic cells are used in the generation of iPSCs, the ethical dilemmas associated with the use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are averted. They are harvested from cutaneous sources, such as skin fibroblasts, while obviating the need for invasive harvesting procedures, such as bone marrow or adipose tissue biopsies. Many studies have demonstrated that human iPSCs can differentiate into various lineages, including cardiomyocytes [4], 4.0/)

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