Abstract

The review focuses on lidocaine (2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide), one of the most popular and widely used painkillers. In the first part, the use of lidocaine in various branches of medicine was considered, and the structure of lidocaine, as well as of its salts such as hydrochloride monohydrate, hydrohexafluoroarsenate, bis-p-nitrophenylphosphate, barbiturate and indomethacin-lidocaine complex was discussed. The present paper reports on the use of lidocaine in the composition of deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) with acrylic acids, with such hydrogen bond donors as ibuprofen, 1,8-octanediol, tetracaine, prilocaine and vanillin, with such nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, aceclofenac, tenoxicam and meloxicam. The use of lidocaine in DES-microemulsions (MEs) is also considered: lidocaine-prilocaine and lidocaine-ibuprofen prepared and served as the oil phase in ME, and lidocaine-lauric acid as an amphiphilic DES utilized as surfactant in ME. Consideration of lidocaine in the composition of coordination compounds has begun: the results of studying the structure of complexes of lidocaine with chlorides of zinc, copper, cobalt, platinum and iron, as well as with copper bromide, have been discussed.

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