Application research of solar heating technology in rural buildings in Western Sichuan Plateau

Abstract

Rural buildings in Western Sichuan Plateau mainly rely on traditional experience, which lacks professional knowledge guidance. Unreasonable peripheral protection structure design, extremely low thermal comfort and high heating energy consumption, backward indoor heating facilities such as simple stoves burning firewood or cow and sheep dung, they make the indoor environment very bad. In view of these problems existing in rural buildings in Western Sichuan Plateau, this paper selects the typical buildings in HARAMA village, Anqu Town, Western Hongyuan County, and carries out the thermal calculation of outer envelope structure and indoor thermal environment test in winter. According to the calculated data, the heat transfer coefficients of exterior walls and roof are 2.94 w/(m2 K) and 3.23 w/ (m2 K) respectively, and that of window is 4.7 w/(m2 K). The heat transfer coefficients of peripheral protective structure are far higher than the specification limit. The thermal environment test data shows that the two bedrooms BR1-1 and BR1-2 facing south on the first floor have a maximum temperature of 4.77 °C and a minimum temperature of 0.51 °C. The north-facing room on the first floor is uninhabited all year round, and the indoor temperature is BR1 The range of −3 is −2.61–0.62 °C. The residents of LR1 in the living room on the first floor use a simple earthen furnace for intermittent heating, and the indoor temperature is 3.25–5.36 °C. −0.03–1.26 °C and −0.05–1.36 °C, the indoor temperature of LR2 in the living room on the second floor is −0.05–1.27 °C, and the temperature of all rooms in the room is much lower than 10 °C. Combined with the characteristics of abundant solar energy resources in this area, it is proposed to design the south facing outer wall of the building as a solar heat collection and storage wall, the exterior walls and roofs in other directions are designed as EPS insulation board insulation structure, and the windows are designed as insulating glass insulation windows. At the same time, the solar heating building scheme with additional sunshine room is added to the south of the building. Finally, DeST-h software is used to simulate the indoor basic temperature of typical buildings and solar heating buildings and the energy consumption when the indoor temperature is 10 °C, 16 °C and 18 °C. The simulation results show that the indoor basic temperature of typical buildings is −1.92 °C∼2.11 °C, while the indoor basic temperature of solar heating buildings is above 10 °C, and the minimum temperature difference is about 11.7 °C higher than that of typical buildings. The minimum indoor basic temperature of additional sunshine room is close to the minimum indoor temperature, and the maximum temperature reaches 21.85 °C, which is much higher than that of other rooms. When the indoor temperature is 10 °C, 16 °C and 18 °C, the building heating energy consumption decreases from 25.4 w/m2, 29.4 w/m2 and 36.8 w/m2 to 0 w/m2, 6.88 w/m2 and 9.38 w/m2 respectively. The indoor thermal comfort of the solar heating building is significantly improved and the energy-saving effect is remarkable, which provides a good foundation for the direct use of solar heating design in this area.