Abstract
The use of XAFS Spectroscopy and related synchrotron radiation techniques for the molecular‐level speciation of environmental contaminants including actinides has led to an improved understanding of the fundamental chemical and biological processes determining their behavior in complex systems. Several recent applications of XAFS spectroscopy to actinides in model systems and more complex environmental samples are reviewed to highlight the impact these studies have on our knowledge about the bioavailability of actinides, the development of remediation strategies, and predictive models for risk assessment. XAFS studies of actinide ion sorption at solid/aqueous solution interfaces are presented in greater detail. Representative examples include XAFS studies in combination with batch‐type experiments of U(VI), Np(V), Pu(III), and Pu(IV) sorption on kaolinite.
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