Application of Wideband Differential Phase Shifters With Wide Phase Range in Chipless RFID Readers

Abstract

Eliminating the strong self-interference signal in chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) readers is key for enabling a reliable and long range reading in chipless RFID readers. The suggested method is to add a compensation signal to cancel the leakage signal vectorially before the first stage of the receiver front-end. An ultra-wideband (UWB) polyphase power divider (PPPD) generates the vector compensation signal of any arbitrary amplitude and phase. Unfortunately, the reported PPPD cannot meet the requirements for the realization of a UWB compensation unit (CU). A microstrip wideband differential phase shifter capable of producing a wide range of phase shifts is presented in this paper. The delay lines, including transmission line (TL) segments loaded with shorted stubs (SSs), generate prescribed phase shift values with respect to the universal reference line. It is shown that an arbitrary phase shift (up to 360°) with an in-band return loss (RL) better than 15 dB within an octave bandwidth is obtainable. Its full-range phase shift capability alongside the universal reference line and simple structure ensure its suitability for polyphase applications. To verify the proposed structure, a set of C-band phase shifters ranging from 60° to 300° is designed and fabricated, and a phase deviation from ±1° to ±9° is obtained. Finally, based on the proposed differential phase shifter, a four-phase power divider is implemented and utilized in the CU of a chipless RFID reader. Excessive isolation of better than 35 dB over 4–8-GHz frequency band is attained.