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Abstract
We have successfully used different crosslinked copolymer polyacrylamide gels with a variable amount of cationic copolymer, N,N′-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMA), to concentrate solutions of citric acid. Gel-swelling behaviour was studied as a function of crosslinker density, monomer concentration (gel structure) and percentage of ionizable monomer (degree of gel ionization). Using experimental design, response surfaces of the swelling ratio as a function of gel composition were calculated. The results obtained were in good agreement with other experimental data as well as with the Flory-Huggins theory for ionic gels. The recovery efficacy was a function of pH, ionic strength and percentage of ionizable monomer.
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