Abstract
Some of health-protecting phytochemicals can be found in the sprouts in a much higher concentration than in the developed plants. However, the polyphenol composition of Lepidium sativum L. sprouts is still unresolved, especially with regard to flavonoids and phenolic acids. To develop a rapid and reliable UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS method for the identification and quantification of main flavonoids and phenolic acids from L. sativum sprouts, the samples of L. sativum sprouts were grown with and without the exposition to light. Ten phenolic compounds were identified on the basis of their mass spectra in MS mode, MS/MS spectra, PDA spectrum, and retention times as compared with available reference substances. The major compounds were found to be sinapic acid derivatives. Acylated flavonoids in L. sativum sprouts were identified as kaempferol and quercetin with the same glycosidic substitution pattern as the major compounds, and varying degrees of acylation with sinapic and ferulic acids. Total content of phenolics in both samples was similar, but the content of flavonoids was higher and sinapine was lower in the sample of sprouts germinated in light. The determination and the evaluation of L. sativum extracts is very effective while using the UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS. Even though the substances only occur in low concentrations, the combination of the retention time and the accurate molecular mass allows for their fast qualification.
Highlights
IntroductionSinapic acid and its derivatives, most notably sinapine, were found in L. sativum seeds [10]
The determination and the evaluation of L. sativum extracts is very effective while using the ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-photodiode array detector (PDA)-Q/TOFMS
Even though the substances only occur in low concentrations, the combination of the retention time and the accurate molecular mass allows for their fast qualification
Summary
Sinapic acid and its derivatives, most notably sinapine, were found in L. sativum seeds [10]. Sinapic acid is widely distributed in L. sativum and in other plants of Brassicaceae, such as B. juncea. A number of phenolic choline esters, known as sinapine, have been reported [11]. Choline ester of sinapic acid, being the most abundant was followed by sinapoyl glucose in canola and rapeseeds [12, 13]. Presence of sinapine and related phenolic compounds such as sinapic acid has been of concern to the oilseed breeders and processors as they impart bitter taste, astringency, and dark color to repressed-mustard products [14]
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