Abstract
Temporal variations of geoid heights are vitally important in geodesy and Earth science. They are essentially needed for dynamic and kinematic updates of the static geoid model. These temporal variations, which substantially differ for different geographic locations, can successfully be determined using the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission data. So far, statistical decomposition methods, e.g. the Principal Component Analysis/Empirical Orthogonal Function (PCA/EOF) method, have not been implemented for the analysis and modelling of temporal mass variations within the Earth’s system over the area of Poland. The aim of this contribution is to analyse and model temporal variations of geoid heights obtained from GRACE mission data over the area of Poland using the PCA/EOF method. Temporal variations of geoid heights were obtained from the latest release, i.e. release five, of monthly GRACE-based Global Geopotential Models. They can reach the level of 10 mm. The PCA modes and their corresponding EOF loading patterns were estimated using two different algorithms. The results obtained revealed that significant part of the signal of temporal variations of geoid heights over Poland can be obtained from the first three PCA modes and EOF loading patterns. They demonstrate the suitability of the PCA/EOF method for analysing and modelling temporal variations of geoid heights over the area investigated.
Highlights
Knowledge on temporal variations of geoid heights is vitally important in geodesy and Earth science
Rangelova et al (2010) studied the capabilities of the multi-channel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) method, which is mathematically equivalent to the extended empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) for extracting water mass anomalies from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) data on a global scale and on the Amazon, Congo and Mississippi river basins. Those studies revealed that the independent component analysis (ICA) and the MSSA are superior to the Principal Component Analysis/Empirical Orthogonal Function (PCA/EOF) method on a global scale and over the investigated river basins
Godah et al (2017a) revealed that temporal variations of geoid heights obtained from RL05 GRACE-based Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) developed by the CSR and JPL centres over the area of Poland are very similar to the corresponding ones of the GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) centre
Summary
Knowledge on temporal variations of geoid heights is vitally important in geodesy and Earth science. The PCA/EOF method is one of the statistical decomposition methods that are data driven, one would hope it can model trends and seasonal components of temporal variations of geoid heights quite well This method has successfully been used by different authors for the analysis and modelling temporal variations of mass distribution within the Earth’s system obtained from GRACE mission data. Those studies revealed that the ICA and the MSSA are superior to the PCA/EOF method on a global scale and over the investigated river basins All those statistical decomposition methods have not been yet implemented for analysing and modelling temporal variations of mass distribution within the Earth’s system obtained from GRACE mission data over the area of Poland which is relatively small—rather local scale—and where is smaller mass variation dynamics than over large river basins. The main objective of this contribution is to analyse and model temporal variations of geoid heights determined from GRACE mission data over the area of Poland using the PCA/EOF method
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