Abstract
The study is focused on the problem of improving the accuracy of radar measurements of elevation angles of low-altitude targets over a sea. The Matrix Pencil method, which relates to the high spectral resolution techniques, is investigated in the paper as one of the possible instruments for solving the problem. A number of studies analyze the possibility of applying the method for measuring radio wave angles of arrival. However, the extent of its usefulness for solving the problem of interest requires to be analyzed with account of specific conditions under which elevation angles of low-altitude targets are measured. The study was carried out by means of computer simulations. The analysis covered sea states responsible for the specular as well as for high diffuse reflections. One of the main tasks of the present paper was determining the extreme measurement accuracy achievable by the method on the conditions where the diffuse reflection from the sea is considered as interference (the specular reflected signal along with the direct signal from the target is considered as the measured signal). It is shown that the Matrix Pencil method does not yield to the MUSIC method in this characteristic but even surpasses it, especially in the case of high diffuse reflections, when the improvement riches 20%. Another important task was investigation of the influence of a priori parameters of the method, specifically, the number of the measured signals, value of the so-called pencil- parameter and number of the spatial samples of the signal across the specified antenna aperture, on the measurement error. Recommendations have been developed on the selection of these parameters that make it possible to minimize elevation angle measurement errors. The performed investigation expands our understanding about the ways of improving the accuracy of measuring elevation angles of low-altitude targets over a disturbed sea.
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