Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the use of realistic simulation as a strategy to promote teaching about pressure injuries. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study. A modified and translated version of the Pieper Pressure Ulcer knowledge test was applied. Kappa statistical analysis was used to assess the professionals’ knowledge in the realistic simulation using the SPSS software. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Seventy-seven nursing professionals participated in the realistic simulation, the majority (72.7%) being nursing technicians. Regarding the knowledge of primary and secondary coverage techniques, the Kappa index went from 0.56 (p=0.002) in the pre-test to 0.87 (p=0.001) in the post-test. As for the sterile dressing technique, there was a variation from 0.55 (p=0.002) in the pre-test to 0.91 (p=0.001) in the post-test. Regarding the cleaning of pressure injuries, there was a variation from 0.81 (CI: 0.62-0.84) in the pre-test to 0.91 (0.85-0.97) in the post-test. The knowledge about the use of a sterile spatula to distribute the dressing in the wound increased from an agreement index from regular to good. Conclusion: The introduction of the realistic simulation in the clinical practice has created quality assessment indicators for the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries.
Highlights
Pressure Injuries (PIs) represent a worldwide public health problem and their reduction is one of the goals of the World Health Organization
In view of the epidemiological context of PIs, preventive measures to limit the spread of infections associated with injuries, the increase in hospital stay, financial costs, morbidity and mortality in health institutions generate quality indicators and reinforce the need to avoid adverse events ensuring patient safety[6,7,8,9]
As for the written identification by the research participants, of four types of images of different tissues present in the PIs, Table 3 shows the distribution of the answers according to the Kappa index
Summary
Pressure Injuries (PIs) represent a worldwide public health problem and their reduction is one of the goals of the World Health Organization. In view of the epidemiological context of PIs, preventive measures to limit the spread of infections associated with injuries, the increase in hospital stay, financial costs, morbidity and mortality in health institutions generate quality indicators and reinforce the need to avoid adverse events ensuring patient safety[6,7,8,9]. National and international guidelines indicate that simple preventive measures must be reinforced daily, such as: change of position at scheduled times, use of materials and therapies to provide pressure relief, predictive scales, adequate nutritional support, use of dressings, maintenance of the patient’s and bed’s hygiene, and health education for professionals, and for family members[5,6,12,13,14]. The guidelines reinforce the use of preventive measures, in the clinical practice most of the health professionals do not adequately and rigorously provide care for the prevention of PIs
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