APPLICATION OF THE DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH AT THE LESSONS IN HEALTH FITNESS AND AEROBICS WITH SENIOR SCHOOL GIRLS IN ACCORDANCE WITH CRITERIA OF PHYSICAL READINESS LEVEL

Abstract

The unsatisfactory state of health of a large part of school pupils in Ukraine necessitates the use of a differentiated approach and the use of modern physical culture techniques at the lessons. This determines the relevance of the problems that the author studies in the article. The purpose of the article was to justify the appropriateness of applying the differential approach at the lessons in health fitness and aerobics with senior school girls in accordance with criteria of physical readiness level. Methods of research used: theoretical analysis of literature, testing of the level of physical readiness (performance of seven tests before and after the pedagogical experiment), pedagogical observation, and pedagogical experiment. In the article the characteristic of health fitness and aerobics as means of physical training of school pupils is given. Aerobics is based on a combination of various gymnastic and dance plastic exercises performed under rhythmic music. The process of training school pupils is quite complex and involves the assimilation of various elements, from basic steps to gymnastics and choreography of varying degrees of difficulty. A differentiated approach involves the allocation of groups or types of school pupils that are qualitatively homogeneous according to certain predetermined characteristics, and therefore applied according to selected criteria. One of the most important individual criteria is the level of physical preparedness. Physical preparedness is the result of physical activity of school pupil, his integral indicator, because in the physical exercises all organs and systems of the body work in close interconnection. To study the physical preparedness of school pupils, motor tests are used to determine the level of development of physical qualities. Also important are motor skills, the predominant nature of motor activity. The author organized a pedagogical experiment, during which the girls trained in two groups: with a low level of physical preparedness and with an average and high level of physical preparedness. The girls of different groups performed different sets of exercises, with different intensity, with different amplitude of movement, with different tempo of music. At each lesson, girls were able to break into small groups of interests and personal relationships, and several elements of different series of exercises were combined. The results of testing of the level of development of different physical qualities showed that during aerobics lessons the level of physical fitness of girls increases regardless of the initial level, but a higher initial level contributes to better dynamics of positive changes in indicators. Thus, during the experimental research, the expediency of applying a differentiated approach to the application of aerobic exercise complexes in accordance with the criteria of the level of physical preparedness and their performance for girls of senior school age has been proved.