Abstract
In the present study, Terminalia chebula (Myrobalan/Harda) natural dye extract was used for the development of eco-friendly shades on woolen yarn with different hues and tones. The effect of dye concentration on color strength (K/S) of woolen yarn dyed with T. chebula was assessed. Increasing the concentration of dye decreased lightness (L*) values of woolen yarn samples, indicating darker shades. Different metal salts such as alum, ferrous sulfate, and stannous chloride were used to enhance the fastness properties (light, wash, dry and wet rubs) of dyed woolen yarn. Pre-treatment of woolen yarn samples with metal salts has shown encouraging results with better fastness properties and enhanced color strength values. Five percent ferrous sulfate mordanted samples show greater saturation with increasing dye concentration from 0.5 to 15 % (o.w.f.). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of T. chebula dye extract shows presence of carbonyl and hydroxyl functionalities.
Highlights
Natural dyes have been used since time immemorial to color different textile materials
This study evaluated the color parameters (K/S, L*, a*, b*) and fastness properties of woolen yarns dyed with T. chebula natural dye
The use of different metal salt mordants produced a wide range of beautiful shades with good color and wash fastness properties
Summary
Natural dyes have been used since time immemorial to color different textile materials. Synthetic dyes in view of their low cost, large variety of shades, and high dyeability overtook the use of natural dyes (Samantha and Agarwal 2009; Yusuf et al 2013). Synthetic dyes and azo-based dyes are recently discovered to pollute the environment. This has motivated textile researchers to reintroduce natural colorants from renewable resources once again into the dyeing industry. To achieve the sophisticated demand of modern people, a lot of research has been undertaken in the field of natural dyes for obtaining colorful shades on textiles and evaluation of their tolerance to the light, wash, and rub effects (Khan et al 2015; Islam and Mohammad 2015).
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