Abstract
In recent decades, numerous studies have attempted to project the impact of hypothesised anthropogenic climate change on rice production. In this study, we offer a comprehensive review of our current understanding related to temperature, CO2, and water-demand parameters in rice growth models. As to future rice yield, night time temperature should be focused in the models as well as day time temperature owing to the contribution of temperature on the night time respiration. Furthermore, although CO2-enhanced photosynthesis is critical for the accurate prediction of rice production in a higher CO2 atmosphere, we found that recent well-developed photosynthesis-stomatal model cannot realize the variation of CO2 stomatal sensitivity with humidity conditions. To estimate water stress under projected climate-change conditions, rice growth model should be required to link with water resource model, which includes natural processes and anthropogenic regulations. The understanding of abilities and limitations in the models is important not only to improve the schemes that models employ, but to also critically review the simulated results.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1939-8433-5-10) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Rice is the most important staple food for a large part of the world’s population, especially in East and South Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies (FAO, 2005)
We offer a comprehensive review of our current understanding related to temperature, CO2, and water-demand parameters
Long et al (2006) found that the photosynthesis stimulated in a rice free-air concentration enrichment (FACE) experiment is four times lower than the elevated CO2-enhanced value that is expected in enclosure studies
Summary
Rice is the most important staple food for a large part of the world’s population, especially in East and South Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies (FAO, 2005). Long et al (2006) found that the photosynthesis stimulated in a rice free-air concentration enrichment (FACE) experiment is four times lower than the elevated CO2-enhanced value that is expected in enclosure studies Given this circumstance, the most important scientific question is which physiological behaviours and environmental factors offset the direct fertilization effect of a rise in CO2 (Harley et al, 1985). Drought during the flowering stage causes spikelet sterility and yield losses, in upland areas (Ekanayake et al, 1993) These direct effects of water stress on numerous metabolic and physiological processes in rice are relatively well established in models, mostly using optimal trends obtained from field or laboratory experiments. Water-use efficiency will increase at higher CO2 concentration levels owing to the expected decrease in transpiration and increase in photosynthesis
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