Abstract
Lithium plating is a serious safety concern as the segregation of lithium in metal form results in accelerated capacity fade and creates sites for potential dendrite growth. Processes involving high current densities and low temperatures have been shown to cause plating. However, the characteristics and mechanisms resulting in the onset of plating are not well understood. High energy synchrotron diffraction is an effective method of locally probing lithium plating, anode, and cathode due to its high flux, high penetration depth, and minimal destructive interaction in a functioning battery. In this study, we present the results of a periodic mapping of a high loading LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 cathode, graphite anode pouch cell operated in extremely fast charging mode over extended cycle life. Initial nucleation of plating is correlated to heterogeneity in lithium intercalation while the spread of plating regions during cycle life is mapped and quantified.
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