Application of Successive and Progressive Spectrophotometric Resolution for the Analysis of Partially or Completely Overlapping Ternary Mixtures

Abstract

In this work application of a recently developed progressive resolution technique and the well-established successive resolution techniques either separately or in combination for the analysis of ternary mixtures without prior separation steps. The resolution steps verified according to the degree of spectra overlapping either partially or completely. All the proposed spectrophotometric techniques consist of several consecutive steps utilizing ratio and/or derivative spectra. The proposed methods can be used for the determination of ternary mixture of pseudoephedrine sulphate (PSE), loratadine (LOR) and paracetamol (PAR). Pseudoephedrine (PSE) could be determined using successive one and applying zero crossing derivative ratio (DD1) at 218.6 nm and the derivative of the resolved spectrum of PSE and PAR at 217 nm and 235 nm via amplitude factor. Loratadine (LOR) could be analyzed either by constant center or dual wavelength (DWL) as well as progressively using their derivative spectrum by applying amplitude factor method at 261 nm and 305 nm without any contribution of PSE. Paracetamol (PAR) could be measured at its maxima at 248 nm either directly after resolution of LOR or via constant multiplication method. Moreover it could be analyzed using the first derivative of the mixture at 305 nm without any interference of others. Regression analysis showed good correlation in the concentration ranges 4-40 μg/mL, 3.5-35 μg/mL and 1.5-17 μg/ml for PSE, LOR and PAR, respectively. The specificity of the developed methods was investigated by analyzing laboratory prepared mixtures and was successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations containing the cited drugs with no interference from additives. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the official or reported methods of the cited drugs; using student t-test, F-test, and one way ANOVA, showing no significant difference with respect to accuracy and precision.