Abstract
This study evaluated the physicochemical properties of oils extracted from steam‐exploded camellia seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.). Steam pressure, resident time, fatty acid composition, total phenolics, tocopherol, squalene, and sterol contents, and volatile compounds were determined. 1H NMR and FTIR spectra were performed for the structure of camellia seed oil. This study has found the highest yield of oil was 86.56% and was obtained when steam explosion pretreatment was at 1.6 MPa 30 s. Oil extracted by steam explosion pretreatment exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and stronger antioxidant activities compared to untreated oil. The compositions of fatty acid were similar between treated and untreated camellia seed oil. According to the 1H NMR and FTIR analyses, the functional groups of the oils were not significantly affected by the steam explosion pretreatment. Furans such as 2‐pentyl‐furan, 2‐furanmethanol, and 3‐methyl‐furan were produced from stream‐exploded camellia seed. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that steam explosion pretreatment efficiently promoted the release of oil by destroying the cell structure of camellia seed. Therefore, steam explosion can be an effective method for the camellia seed oil extraction.
Highlights
Camellia oleifera (Camellia oleifera Abel.) is a member of the Theaceae family and the most important edible oil tree growing in China (Xiao et al, 2016)
The oil quality has been proved to be better than peanut, rape, palm, and bean oil, and could even surpass olive oil (Zhang, Wang, Wu, Xu, & Chen, 2011), because camellia seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, as well as vitamins and minerals, and other bioactive components (Ma, Ye, Rui, Chen, & Zhang, 2011)
The total phenolics (TP) content of camellia seed oil was extracted by methanol– water solution (80%:20% v/v) and determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method according to the colorimetric method described previously by Delfan-Hosseini, Nayebzadeh, Mirmoghtadaie, Kavosi, and Hosseini (2017)
Summary
Camellia oleifera (Camellia oleifera Abel.) is a member of the Theaceae family and the most important edible oil tree growing in China (Xiao et al, 2016). | 1005 and beneficial bioactive compounds such as sterols, squalene, and tocopherols (Xiao et al, 2017), which have been characterized as having health-promoting effects include lowering blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and scavenging free radicals (Lee & Yen, 2006). The advantages of steam explosion include a significantly lower energy cost and environmental friendly (Zhang et al, 2013) In recent years, this technology has been used for the extraction process in studies regarding oil extraction, such as that of Ni, Zhao, Zhang, Gasmalla, and Yang (2016) which reported that steam explosion is a highly effective method for extracting oil from corn germ. The microscopic structures of material before and after steam explosion are observed to clarify extraction mechanisms
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