Abstract
The thermochemical activation of a juniper lignin–carbohydrate matrix was carried out using a steam explosion method in order to have an impact on the micro- and ultrastructure of coniferous wood. Changes in the chemical composition, the physico-chemical characteristics of the components and the morphological features of the wood substance during treatment were studied. The possibility of applying steam explosion as a method of directed influence upon the lignin–carbohydrate complex was shown. Thermochemical activation of lignin–carbohydrate plant matrix occurs due to the directed destruction of ester and H-bonds in the lignin–carbohydrate complex, disturbance of thermodynamic equilibrium in the system and increase of mobility of labile complexes of biopolymers. Such a directed influence allows the opening of deep layers of the cell wall and provides new data about the specific composition and structure of a wood substance and its components. Thus, the stability of the helical structures of cellulose microfibrils in the S2 layer and high mobility of intercellular lignin after the steam explosion treatment were shown.
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