Abstract
The applicability of the stage-fall-discharge (SFD) method in combination with acoustic Doppler velocity meter (ADVM) data, upstream of a hydraulic structure, specifically, the Sejong-weir located in the Geum River, Korea, was examined. We developed three rating curves: a conventional simple rating curve with the data measured using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and floating objects, an SFD rating curve with the data measured using the ADCP and floating objects, and an SFD rating curve with the data measured using an ADVM. Because of the gate operation effect, every rating curve involved many uncertainties under 1000 m3/s (3.13 m2/s, specific discharge). In terms of the hydrograph reconstruction, compared with the conventional simple rating curve, the SFD developed using ADVM data exhibited a higher agreement with the measured data in terms of the pattern. Furthermore, the measured discharge over 1000 m3/s primarily ranged between 97.5% and 2.5% in the graph comparing the ratio of the median and observed discharge. Based on this experiment, it is confirmed that the SFD rating curve with data to represent the backwater effect, such as ADVM data, can reduce the uncertainties induced by the typical rating curve
Highlights
River discharge data from watersheds are of significance in establishing a water resource management plan
Because river hydraulic structures are installed at key locations for water resource management, the relationship between the water stage and discharge becomes more complex with channel or section control
SFD rating curves represent an attractive alternative approach to the conventional rating curve in practical aspects because they derive a simple form of the equation, which is similar to the typical rating curve equation
Summary
River discharge data from watersheds are of significance in establishing a water resource management plan. The continuous measurement of the flow discharge is challenging, and the corresponding data can be determined by measuring the water stage with a rating curve, which is a regression curve to represent the relationship between the water stage and discharge. The simple form in which the rating curve is expressed as a power function is useful for hydrologic analysis when the gauging points satisfy the assumption of the rating curve, the river geomorphology changes continuously if a river hydraulic structure is installed to ensure flood control and water supply. Because river hydraulic structures are installed at key locations for water resource management, the relationship between the water stage and discharge becomes more complex with channel or section control.
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