Application of speckle interferometry to the mechanical characterization of a biopolymer sample.

Abstract

In this work, we present an optical and mechanical characterization of the behavior of an inhomogeneous biopolymer sample through the use of an in-plane electronic speckle pattern interferometer with a pulling system along the $y$y direction. The characterization of the sample subjected to stress comprised the acquisition of speckle patterns for 1360 states. Displacement maps and their corresponding strain maps were computed for every state. Since the information of the maps changes with size due to the sample being pulled at the upper end while it is clamped at the lower end, a scaling method to relate the maps to each other, point-to-point, is presented. The method allows the correct evaluation of sequential strain maps, which depicts the mechanical evolution of the material. Upon managing to relate the strain maps, it is possible to extract strain values for zones of interest from every map in order to build the respective stress-strain curves. Three stress-strain curves associated with three zones in the sample (upper, middle, and bottom) are constructed. When sequential displacement and deformation maps are optically obtained by the interferometer, we present a full-field characterization, along with the obtention stress-strain curves associated with the three zones of strain maps. The curves represent the inhomogeneous performance of the sample. Three different elastic moduli (${E_u} = 2.59\;{\rm MPa}$Eu=2.59MPa, ${E_m} = 1.97\;{\rm MPa}$Em=1.97MPa, and ${E_{b}} = 1.67\;{\rm MPa}$Eb=1.67MPa), associated with three respective zones, were obtained. The experimental results for a biopolymer sample here presented show that the technique, in conjunction with the scaling method, is a novel proposal to characterize inhomogeneous materials.