Application of slow and rapid liquid nutrient load tests for evaluating proximal gastric perception and accommodation

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the possibility of slow and rapid liquid nutrient loading test (LNLT) in the proximal gastric function assessment according to the results of gastric barostat testing.Methods From April to August in 2013,20 healthy volunteer were selected.The sensitivity of gastric,basic abdominal pressure,gastric sensing threshold,gastric discomfort and pain thresholds were examined by barostat.The average gastric volume after fasting was tested by barostat,which reflected gastric accommodation.And then 200 mL liquild meal was taken in five minutes by the volunteers.The difference value between the maximum gastric volume in 60 minutes after taking the meal minus the average gastric volume after fasting was used to evaluate the proximal gastric adapted diastolic function.In LNLT,volunteers drank 100 mL/min and 15 mL/min (rapid and slow) liquid meal.The threshold value of drinking volume,satiety drinking volume and maximum drinking volume were determined.Pearson correlation analyses were performed in the results of fast and slow LNLT,correlation between LNLT and sensitivity of gastric,gastric adapted diastolic function tested by barostat.Results The basic abdominal pressure,gastric sensing threshold,gastric discomfort and pain thresholds,gastric volume after fasting,maximum gastric volume and adapted diastolic volume was (6.8±1.2) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(2.7±1.9) mmHg,(5.2±2.0) mmHg,(7.3-±-2.1) mmHg,(188.7-±-80.0) mL,(505.2±133.7) mL and (316.5±87.7) mL,respectively.The maximum gastric volume after the meal was at (9.8±3.3) min after meal.In rapid LNLT,the threshold value of drinking volume,satiety drinking volume and maximum drinking volume of volunteers was (209-±-96),(501±148) and (674±199) mL,respectively,and that in slow LNLT was (107 ± 43),(340 ± 134) and (524 ± 213) mL,respectively,there was correlation between rapid and slow LNLT (r=0.768,0.825 and 0.856,all P＜0.01).The maximum drinking volume of rapid and slow LNLT was at (8.6± 1.2) and (34.9±6.4) minutes after meal.Threshold value of drinking volume in the slow drinking test was positively correlated with the gastric sensing threshold (r=0.714,P＜0.01).Satiety drinking volume in the slow drinking test was correlated with gastric sensing threshold,gastric discomfort and pain thresholds (r=0.599,0.650 and 0.622,all P＜0.01).The proximal gastric adapted diastolic volume was related with slow satiety drinking volume,rapid satiety drinking volume,slow maximum drinking volume and rapid drinking volume (r＝0.543,0.636,0.527 and 0.493,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Threshold value of drinking volume and satiety drinking volume in the slow LNLT is more suitable for evaluating the sensitivity of stomach.Satiety drinking volume in the rapid LNLT is more suitable for the evaluating of gastric adapted diastolic function. Key words: Electronic barostat;  Liquid load test;  Proximal stomach;  Sensory thresholds; Adaptation, physiological