Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the effects of selected inoculant on the silage with different wilting times. The ryes were unwilted or wilted for 12 h. Each rye forage was ensiled for 100 d in quadruplicate with commercial inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum sp.; LPT) or selected inoculant (Lactobacillus brevis 100D8 and Leuconostoc holzapfelii 5H4 at 1:1 ratio; MIX). In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility were highest in the unwilted MIX silages (p < 0.05), and the concentration of ruminal acetate was increased in MIX silages (p < 0.001; 61.4% vs. 60.3%) by the increase of neutral detergent fiber digestibility. The concentration of ruminal ammonia-N was increased in wilted silages (p < 0.001; 34.8% vs. 21.1%). The yeast count was lower in the MIX silages than in the LPT silages (p < 0.05) due to a higher concentration of acetate in MIX silages (p < 0.05). Aerobic stability was highest in the wilted MIX silages (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the MIX inoculation increased aerobic stability and improved fiber digestibility. As a result of the wilting process, ammonia-N in silage decreased but ruminal ammonia-N increased. Notably, the wilted silage with applied mixed inoculant had the highest aerobic stability.
Highlights
The improvement of silage quality through bacterial additive has been commonly applied in the field
Many researchers revealed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce antifungal activity to reduce contamination by undesirable microbes on silage, especially after silo open [2,3,4]
The application of LAB producing antifungal activity can reduce the growth of undesirable microbes and increase the aerobic stability of silage [3,4]
Summary
The improvement of silage quality through bacterial additive has been commonly applied in the field. Even though improved ensiling processes, bacterial additives are not always guaranteed to reduce contamination by undesirable microbes after silo open [1]. Many researchers revealed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce antifungal activity to reduce contamination by undesirable microbes on silage, especially after silo open [2,3,4]. The application of LAB producing antifungal activity can reduce the growth of undesirable microbes and increase the aerobic stability of silage [3,4]. Several strains of LAB were reported to produce fibrinolytic enzymes such as esterase and xylanase, which could help to degrade structural carbohydrate and improve ruminal digestibility [8,9]. Application of LAB producing fibrinolytic activity on silage was reported to increase ruminal digestibility in many previous studies [4,8]
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