Abstract
Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is very significant parameters to evaluate the strength property of soil. In laboratory, it requires machinery and effort to determine UCS. Therefore, to predict UCS of organic soil stabilized by Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Ordinary Portland Cement (POFA-OPC) at less time and less cost for additive selection percentage the prediction model can simplify the selection of additives percentage by reducing the random selection of additives percentage and its disadvantageous results. As a result of that, the use of the prediction model eliminates the arbitrary selection of design mixes and its associated disadvantages. This paper is a continuous to previous publication by authors on the application of Scheffe's theory to predict resilient modulus however, this paper focused on the implementation of Scheffe's regression theory to develop mathematical model to predict UCS based on proposed mix proportions. The mixes were developed analytically from previous adopted rations of additives. The materials were characterized and investigated for the primary properties then the samples of POFA -OPC additives were prepared for the size of 70mm diameter and 140 height. 25 samples were designed and characterized for each mix proportion based on the UCS in 28 days curing. The Results of observed values from laboratory analysis are used to develop the mathematical model. In addition to that, the model was statistically scrutinized and confirmed for the adequacy and validity using f-test. The results showed that, the model is verified and adequate to predict UCS for any random POFA-OPC additives percentage.
Highlights
Mathematical prediction models are very crucial in the area of civil engineering especially in laboratory works because they help minimize time and cost to find the properties of mixes and determine the optimum amount of additives
Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) exhibit as Pozzolanic materials in which it can be used as binder or filler in concrete [13, 19, 20].Likewise, POFA contains high percentage of silica oxide which can react with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) generated from the hydration process; and the pozzolanic reactions produce more calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel compound as well as reducing the amount of calcium hydroxide [21, 22]
This section introduces the results of developing prediction model to predict Unconfined Compressive strength (UCS) of the hybrid
Summary
Mathematical prediction models are very crucial in the area of civil engineering especially in laboratory works because they help minimize time and cost to find the properties of mixes and determine the optimum amount of additives. In many studies POFA is considered as by-product materials generated from palm oil mills and may have negative impact to the environment if disposed in landfills [11]. POFA exhibit as Pozzolanic materials in which it can be used as binder or filler in concrete [13, 19, 20].Likewise, POFA contains high percentage of silica oxide which can react with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) generated from the hydration process; and the pozzolanic reactions produce more calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel compound as well as reducing the amount of calcium hydroxide [21, 22] It was demonstrated by Phani Kumar et al [23], POFA can reduce plasticity of expansive soil and the free swelling index has been reduced by the addition of POFA. The developed mix is aimed to be used in road construction
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