Abstract
We aimed to optimize the culture condition for industrial effluent isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains to reach the highest zinc biosorption, biomass, and protein production for human and animals. S. cerevisiae strains carrying ZRT and FET genes were isolated from effluent samples and identified using standard methods. Subsequently, the growth rate of yeasts in the presence of Zn2+, as well as the level of Zn2+ uptake by the yeast cells, were examined at 24-hour intervals. RT-PCR technique was applied to quantify the expression level of the target genes in yeast cells. The effect of the initial pH of culture medium was studied on the yeast growth rate, zinc absorption, and target genes expression. After setting the optimum pH, Kjeldahl method was applied for assessment of the total protein content of yeast cells. In the optimum conditions, S. cerevisiae showed the maximum growth rate, zinc uptake, and expression level of Zrt1 and Fet4. In addition, protein content of S. cerevisiae biomass in this optimum condition was above 50% (w/w). We demonstrated that S. cerevisiae species isolated from industrial effluents could be considered as highly promising candidates for producing Zn-enriched single cell protein. However, further research is believed to be required.
Highlights
Numerous reports have indicated that air, soil, and water pollution with toxic and dangerous chemicals from rapidly developing industrial activities has posed high risks to living organisms, human beings (Briffa et al, 2020)
We aimed to isolate S. cerevisiae strains from effluent of chemical industries in order to evaluate their capability for biosorption of zinc ions and production of zinc enriched single cell protein (SCP)
Analysis of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) gene sequences of white to cream, glabrous, smooth, and yeast-like colonies of isolated strains to determine phylogenetic relationship indicated two isolated microorganisms identified as S. cerevisiae AUMS 10233 species (Figure 1), which made them appropriate candidates to be assayed in the rest of the investigation
Summary
Numerous reports have indicated that air, soil, and water pollution with toxic and dangerous chemicals from rapidly developing industrial activities has posed high risks to living organisms, human beings (Briffa et al, 2020). Various industries, such as chemical, pesticides, food, textile, and metallurgical industries, release large amounts of waste, containing metals, into the environment. Studies have shown that zinc deficiency results in numerous disorders, such as growth retardation and impaired immune function In this background, biosorption strategies have been considered for many years to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution and environmental remediation (Vuralli et al, 2017). Biosorbents, like yeasts and algae, possess metal sequestering properties and can affect heavy metal ions concentration
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