Application of Remote Sensing Technologies in Environmental Monitoring and Geological Surveys

Abstract

Remote sensing technology is an emerging observation technology. By applying various sensing instruments to electromagnetic wave information radiated and reflected by distant targets, it is collected, processed, and finally imaged. The resulting images allow people to detect and identify various scenes on the ground. It can dynamically reflect changes in the ground, monitor weather conditions, natural disasters, etc. This paper combines the relevant literature to synthesise the technical theory and specific applications of remote sensing technology in four areas: vegetation, soil, water resources and geology. The analysis of the vegetation index allows for the classification and dynamic monitoring of vegetation. Soil indicators can be monitored to determine the condition of the soil in an area, including soil contamination, soil erosion and land salinisation. The distribution of water resources in an area, runoff prediction and water quality monitoring can also be monitored by remote sensing technology. The technology can also be effective in mineral exploration and monitoring geological disasters. Although remote sensing technology has unique strengths in these four fields, there are still some technical limitations and shortcomings.