Abstract
Abstract. Remote sensing technology plays an important role today in the geological survey, mapping, analysis and interpretation, which provides a unique opportunity to investigate the geological characteristics of the remote areas of the earth's surface without the need to gain access to an area on the ground. The aim of this study is achievement a geological map of the study area. The data utilizes is Sentinel-2 imagery, the processes used in this study, the OIF Optimum Index Factor is a statistic value that can be used to select the optimum combination of three bands in a satellite image. It’s based on the total variance within bands and correlation coefficient between bands, ICA Independent component analysis (3, 4, 6) is a statistical and computational technique for revealing hidden factors that underlie sets of random variables, measurements, or signals, MNF Minimum Noise Fraction (1, 2, 3) is used to determine the inherent dimensionality of image data to segregate noise in the data and to reduce the computational requirements for subsequent processing, Optimum Index Factor is a good method for choosing the best band for lithological mapping. ICA, MNF, also a practical way to extract the structural geology maps. The results in this paper indicate that, the studied area can be divided into four main geological units: Basement rocks (Meta volcanic, Meta sediments), Sedimentary rocks, Intrusive rocks, volcanic rocks. The method used in this study offers great potential for lithological mapping, by using Sentinel-2 imagery, the results were compared with existing geologic maps and were superior and could be used to update the existing maps.
Highlights
Application of remote sensing technology have opened a new era in the field of applied geology, its helps us to learn new methods to identify the types of rocks and tectonic events, which have affected the composition of these rocks
Yemen provides a link between the arc collage of the Arabian Shield and the gneissic Mozambique belt of East Africa, ( Windley et al 1996). Processing such as the Optimum Index Factor (OIF) is a statistic value that can be used to select the optimum combination of three bands in a satellite image with which you want to create a colour composite, independent component analysis (ICA), and minimum noise fraction (MNF), can often improve an image viewer, a practical way to extract the structural geology maps
It is observed that the varies bands depended on the OIF is more convenient for drafting the boundaries of geological formations
Summary
Application of remote sensing technology have opened a new era in the field of applied geology, its helps us to learn new methods to identify the types of rocks and tectonic events, which have affected the composition of these rocks. The application of remote sensing for the mapping of regional structure has a long tradition worldwide (Ilhan, K and Vytautas, k, 1978, Tarik Bashir Benomar and Blan Fuling, 2005, Sandra Jakob et al, 2015) In investigating this area an enhanced Sentinel-2 image was processed and analysed to identify surface structural features, natural colour band (4,3,2), colour infrared band (8,4,3) good for vegetation identification, shortwave infrared band (12,11,8a) good for mapping fire scars of burnt area Optimum index factor (OIF), independent component analysis (ICA), and minimum noise fraction (MNF) were implemented to enhance the visual interpretation for revealing geological mapping of the area, increasing the possibilities for extracting useful geological information and interpretation the geological events
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