APPLICATION OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES IN THE FIELD OF VIROLOGY – AN OVERVIEW

Abstract

The application of recombinant DNA technology in the creation of vaccines has completely changed how we treat infectious diseases. Molecular-level vaccine design and development are made possible by the instruments and processes made possible by biotechnology. This makes it possible to trigger an immune response against particular infections in a more focused and efficient manner. To elicit an immune response, pathogen antigens can be recognized, separated, and incorporated into a host organism using methods like genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology. As a result, several vaccine kinds have been created, such as DNA vaccines, subunit vaccinations, and more recently, mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, biotechnology alongside recombinant DNA technology allows for the rapid design and production of vaccines, which is particularly crucial in the face of emerging infectious diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a prime example of this, where rDNA technology and biotechnology played a pivotal role in the rapid development of effective vaccines. This article mainly focuses how the application of rDNA technology paved way in the production of vaccines against Hepatitis B virus, Influenza virus and Human Papillomavirus with the key points like process and proteins involved. In conclusion, the application of recombinant DNA technology in vaccine design holds immense potential in advancing global health by providing effective and rapid solutions to combat infectious diseases.