Abstract
As the IV generation of packaging, biopolymers, with the advantages of biodegradability, process ability, combination possibilities and no pollution to food, have become the leading food packaging materials. Biopolymers can be directly extracted from biomass, synthesized from bioderived monomers and produced directly by microorganisms which are all abundant and renewable. The raw materials used to produce biopolymers are low-cost, some even coming from agrion dustrial waste. This review summarized the advances in protein-based films and coatings for food packaging. The materials studied to develop protein-based packaging films and coatings can be divided into two classes: plant proteins and animal proteins. Parts of proteins are referred in this review, including plant proteins i.e., gluten, soy proteins and zein, and animal proteins i.e., casein, whey and gelatin. Films and coatings based on these proteins have excellent gas barrier properties and satisfactory mechanical properties. However, the hydrophilicity of proteins makes the protein-based films present poor water barrier characteristics. The application of plasticizers and the corresponding post-treatments can make the properties of the protein-based films and coatings improved. The addition of active compounds into protein-based films can effectively inhibit or delay the growth of microorganisms and the oxidation of lipids. The review also summarized the research about the storage requirements of various foods that can provide corresponding guidance for the preparation of food packaging materials. Numerous application examples of protein-based films and coatings in food packaging also confirm their important role in food packaging materials.
Highlights
In order to prolong the shelf life of food and ensure the quality of this food during transportation, food packaging has become increasingly important
Gluten films are usually obtained by two methods: One is casting that is done in a thin layer, and the drying process is carried out with aqueous alcoholic after casting, and the other is boiling the protein solutions, and collecting the films formed on the surface of the solutions or thermos pressing [63,64,65]
The substances obtained from natural resources that can be used in protein-based films as antimicrobial agents include bacteriocins, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), acidulant, antimicrobial enzymes, plant extracts, Essential Oils (EO), Metallic Nano Particles (NP) and so on [219]
Summary
In order to prolong the shelf life of food and ensure the quality of this food during transportation, food packaging has become increasingly important. The non-renewable nature of petroleum may make the price of raw materials. The non-renewable nature of petroleum may make the price of raw materials rise in rise the in the [4]. The raw materials used to produce are low-cost, microorganisms those are all abundant and renewable [6]. Biopolymers usedasasfood food packaging materials include and coatings (films are onto the food surface after prepared separately, whereas coatings are formed directly on the food applied onto the food surface after prepared separately, whereas coatings are formed directly on the surface) must ensure the health thermal and barrier and durability. Food surface) must ensure the safety, health mechanical, safety, mechanical, thermal andproperties barrier properties and in addition to the functionality the biopolymers-based material is durability. The complex structure and side chains structure provide improvement of biopolymer-based materials through various physical and chemical means, in opportunities for the improvement of biopolymer-based materials through various physicalorder and to meet the needsininorder particular situations [8].in particular situations [8]
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