Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the ability of the four porous materials: birch bark, cork, glass wool, and polyurethane foam to reduce the mineral oil index and the concentration of n-alkanes C 7 H 16 -C 38 H 78 as well as to select the most efficient materials. Model solutions of gasoline, diesel oil, and distilled water with the following values of mineral oil index were prepared to tests: 52 μg/dm 3 , 68 μg/dm 3 and 73 μg/dm 3 . Then, studies were carried out using a dynamic method, wherein the columns were filled with adsorbents tested, and in each of three testing series, 500 mL of the model solution at constant bed load of 1,0551 m3/m2h was filtered through the column. After filtration, the collected sample had volume of 250 mL. The collected samples were subject to determination of mineral oil index and concentrations of n-alkanes from C 7 H 16 to C 38 H 78 . Studies have shown that the most effective materials to lower the mineral oil index and the concentrations of n-alkanes in water are birch bark and glass wool.
Highlights
The composition of oil pollution getting into the water varies, but it is mostly a crude oil and its derivatives [1]
The aim of the study is to determine the ability of the four porous materials: birch bark, cork, glass wool, and polyurethane foam to reduce the mineral oil index and the concentrations of n-alkanes C7H16 - C38H78 as well as to select the most efficient materials in this view
In order to conduct the study upon removal of the oil substances from model water, 4 porous materials were used: birch bark, cork, glass wool, and polyurethane foam
Summary
The composition of oil pollution getting into the water varies, but it is mostly a crude oil and its derivatives (fuels, lubricants) [1]. Petroleum products spilled on the surface of water immediately spread in all directions, seeking to obtain the thinnest possible layer on the surface. Removal of oil contamination from water is a very complex process that is influenced by many factors: type of the oil, properties of water-oil emulsion (chemical or mechanical), degree of dispersion, presence of other compounds in water (e.g. emulsifiers, stabilizers, surfactants). For this reason, there is no universal method for oil removal usable in any situation [8]
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