Abstract

The urgency of the problem of wound healing is not in doubt, given the global trend of an increase in the number of operations and injuries with skin damage, as well as the lack of universal means of treating wounds. Study Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the developed drugs, smart polymeric nano-drug with cerium oxide nanoparticles (SPN), and smart polymeric nano-drug in combination with mesenchymal stem cells (SPN + SC) on the healing process of skin wounds. Material and methods. An experimental study was carried out using Wistar rats of post-reproductive age, which had dermis and epidermis removed on their backs. There were four groups of wounds in total: control, treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (SC), SPN, and SPN + SC. Results. A positive therapeutic effect of polymeric drugs on the dynamics of wound area reduction was established, which was most typical for wounds of the SPN group and, particularly, the SPN + SC group. On the third day, an anti-inflammatory effect was revealed in the SC and the SPN + SC groups in particular, which was expressed in a reduced leukocyte infiltration and an increase in the level of microcirculation during this period. The fastest transition from the phase of exudation to proliferation was recorded in the SPN and SPN + SC groups. Histologically, these groups showed faster regeneration, including the epithelialization of wounds. Conclusion. The results obtained in the course of the study open up possibilities for the development of fundamentally new, highly effective wound healing agents.

Highlights

  • Medicine, as a science, began to form before our era, and even taking into account the incessant wars, its main task was to treat wounds

  • A positive therapeutic effect of polymer nano-drugs on the dynamics of wound area reduction was established. This was most typical for the wounds of the smart polymeric nano-drugs (SPN) + stem cells (SC) group

  • The results obtained are consistent with the opinion of earlier studies on the effective use of polymers [10,11,12,13,14,24] and molecules of cerium dioxide [20,21,22,23,24,25] for the treatment of wounds

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Summary

Introduction

As a science, began to form before our era, and even taking into account the incessant wars, its main task was to treat wounds. It all started with plant products (infusions, decoctions, etc.). Thousands of drugs have been synthesized; the percentage of unsatisfactory results in the treatment of acute and especially chronic wounds remains high [1,2,3] This can be explained by the fact that practically all modern medicines act only on one of possibly many pathogenetic mechanisms of the appearance and development of the disease. There is still no universal medicines that immediately affect all links in the pathogenesis of various wounds or change their structure depending on the biochemical characteristics of the wound [4,5]

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