Abstract
One highly undesirable characteristic of mature assets that inhibits oil recovery is high water production. Polymer gel treatment is a popular conformance improvement technique applied in this regard due to its cost effectiveness and proved efficiency. Despite this popularity, optimum performance of polymer hydrogels in water shut off is inhibited by excessive aggregation, difficulty in controlling gelation, and their instability at high temperature and high salinity reservoir conditions. To address these shortcomings, research on the application of nanoparticles (NPs) in polymer hydrogels to manage thermal stability and salinity sensitivity has significantly increased in the recent past. By incorporating metal-based NPs, silica or graphene at nanoscale; the gel strength, storage modulus, salinity tolerance and thermal stability of commonly used polymers have been greatly enhanced. In this paper, the advances in experimental studies on polymer-based nanocomposites are discussed and field experiences from adoption of polymer composites reviewed.
Highlights
IntroductionGel Treatments for Water Shut Off sweeping of oil
The two differ in their mechanism of enhancing recovery whereby polymer flooding maximizes penetration into low permeability zones that are saturated with oil while gel treatment maximizes entry into well swept high permeability streaks to shut off water [8]
The oil production after the polymer treatment increased by 300 barrels per day (BOPD) while water production reduced by 2290 barrels per day (B/D)
Summary
Gel Treatments for Water Shut Off sweeping of oil They increase the viscosity of the water injected and enhance recovery. Controllingeasy permeability various of the reservoir reduction of oil to inject andof have deeper zones penetration in the reservoirand [17] to enhance both vertical sweeping oil They increase the viscosity of the water injected and enhance viscosity to increaseand itsareal mobility [18].ofGel treatment involves injection of a polymer solurecovery through various mechanisms including reduction of interfacial tension, altering tion containing a gelling agent in a target zone to seal it off [19]. Gel treatment involves injection of a polymer weight proportionssolution respectively [20] It is designed such zone thattoafter specific time period containing a gelling agent in a target seal ita off [19].
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